What is Sukoon (Jazm) in Arabic and Examples in Quran
What is Sukoon (Jazm) in Arabic? and how to apply Sukoon in Quran?
In this lesson, we will learn the meaning of Sukoon in Arabic, another word for Sukoon, a symbol in Arabic and the Qur’an. We will also look at the relationship between Jazm and Sukoon.
Jazm is a short letter case. Since letters with vowels cannot be read by themselves, they are read with vowel letters.
Jazm symbol (ــْـ) is a small circle or zero written above the letter.
The sign is called Jazm or Sukoon and the letter assigned by Sukoon is called Sakin letter.
Sakin letters cannot start words.
They cannot be read alone without a letter before them.
Meaning of Sukoon in English:
Sukoon means rest, Motionless, or ease. It is just a vowelless diacritic or sign in Arabic. Sukoon is used above the letter to indicate that there is no vowel, it can be found in the middle or at the end of the word and does not necessarily represent any grammar.
Sukoon is free from any Arabic vowel. It remains unchanged when you stop and continue reading in written form and after. It is a letter or combination of letters that is not pronounced at the beginning of a word.
Sukoon Meaning in Arabic:
Sukoon is written in Arabic as سُكُونْ and occurs in the middle of words and at the end of Arabic words in nouns and verbs. It also occurs in phrases and particles, but only at the end. All Arabic letters can have sukoon and can be written with no vowels on them.
How to Pronounce Sukoon:
Position: Keep your tongue in a neutral position when pronouncing letters with Sukoon.
Pause: After saying the letter in Sukoon, pause for a moment. This pause should be shorter than the pause for a Sakin letter (non-vowel letter) followed by a consonant.
Breath Control: After pausing, take a few breaths before continuing with the next letter after Sukoon. This helps to maintain the reading flow.
Listen to the experts: Listen carefully to the reciters who have mastered the art of Tajweed (the rules of reading the Qur’an). Observe how Sukoon is pronounced and its purpose is to reproduce the style.
Practice and Repetition: Practice regularly to improve your speaking. Read the verses of the Qur’an that contain Sukoon again and again to develop familiarity and accuracy.
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Sukoon Symbol in Arabic and Quran:
In Quran or Arabic, the symbol of sukoon or Jamz (ــْـ) is a small circle or zero written above the letter. The symbol is called sukoon or jazm, and the letter above is called sakin (سَاكِنْ). The Sakin letter cannot start words. They cannot be read without the letters before them.
For example, London لُنْدُن (the /n/ sound has no vowel).
Difference between Sukoon and Jazm :
Sukoon, the Arabic word used for Tajweed, Jazm is mainly used in Arabic grammar. Sukoon and Jazm have the same symbol and the same letter order. Both of these indicate the absence of vowels in letters.
Sukoon is only diacritics/signs without vowels. It can be found in the middle or end of a word and has no grammatical meaning. Optionally used above the letter to indicate the absence of a vowel.
Jazm means cutting. It is a grammatical case that affects only verbs in Arabic present tenses, it can be expressed by a Sukoon at the end or by omitting the last additional noon letter as well as by omitting the long imperfect vowel in the weak verbs.
The difference between Sukun and Jazm is like the difference between Dammah and Raf, Fatha and Nasb, and Kasra, and Jarr.
Jazm is the absence of a short vowel in a letter. Since vowels cannot be read alone, they are combined with the vowel letter.
Examples of Sukoon in the Quran:
مَشْهُودٍ
يَخْرُجُ مِن بَيْنِ الصُّلْبِ وَالتَّرَائِبِ
فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُم بِذَنبِهِمْ فَسَوَّاهَا
إِذْ هُمْ عَلَيْهَا قُعُودٌ
What Is the Function of Sukoon?
Sukoon shows and represents the absence of a vowel after the consonant to which it is attached, i.e., zero vowels. It is a necessary symbol for writing consonant-vowel-consonant syllables, which are very common in Arabic.
Is Sukoon a Harakat?
No, Sukoon is not a harakat. It is the opposite of harakat represented by a small circle above the letter. It also shows that the letter is in a still position with no Harakat.
What is Another Word for Sukoon?
The other word for Sukoon is Jazm. Jazm is only used at the end of verbs in Arabic present tenses.
Sukoon Examples
The following examples will help us understand and learn the concept of Sukoon in Arabic language.
بِ + ي = بِي
بُ + و = بُو
Letters ي and و are without vowels, (because they are vowels) so, we can give Sukoon symbols to these two letters as shown below:
بِ + ي = بِيْ
بُ + و = بُوْ
More Examples:
اَبْ
اَيْ
بَوْ
حَيْ
صَاﻟِﺤَﻴْنِ
صَاﻟِﺤِﻴْنَ
مُسْلِمَيْنِ
مُشْرِكَيْنِ
Conclusion:
Mastering the pronunciation of Sukoon in the Quran is an important skill for anyone who wants to read the Quran accurately. By understanding the importance of Sukoon and using appropriate techniques, we can improve our reading and deepen our relationship with the divine word of the Quran. May our efforts to improve reading be blessed.
Sukoon, also known as Jazm, is an important diacritical mark that plays an important role in Arabic pronunciation and meaning. A small circle placed above or below a letter indicates the absence of a vowel sound. Sukoon helps clarify vowels and ensure accurate pronunciation and understanding. Whether in reading the Quran, in classical Arabic literature, or everyday conversation, understanding the proper placement and impact of Sukoon is important for learners and users of the Arabic language. Sukoon’s mastery improved his linguistic accuracy and deepened his understanding of the nuances and beauties of the Arabic language. At Tipyaan Academy, we offer a comprehensive learning experience that facilitates the acquisition of Arabic and Quranic knowledge, including the correct use of Sukoon.
Therefore, for those who want to learn Tajweed, we have prepared an exciting course using Tajweed Online, which includes the rules of Sukoon and the Quran. For more information, register for the course and listen to our regular posts for more Arabic and Tajweed lessons.
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