The Rules of Meem Sakinah
What is Meem Sakinah? the rules of Meem Sakinah?
Before understanding the rules of Meem Sakinah, virtues, and letters to remember, it is recommended to remember the rules of Noon Sakinah and Tanveen because they are also important.
Allah’s expression, not His creation, is the noble Quran. Twenty-three years of guidance was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The only book in which reading is a form of worship and a source of reward. No other book or word matches this description. The Quran is a unique text that has been memorized and memorized by thousands of people in their hearts.
According to the words of Rasulullah SAW, the benefits of reading the holy book Quran are revealed: Abu Musa al-Ash’ari narrated: Rasulullah SAW said: “A believer who recites the Qur’an is like a citron whose fragrance is sweet and whose taste is sweet” (Mishkat Al-Masabih).
When did the sweetness of the Qur’an sink into your heart? The time of recitation of the complete Qur’an is to pronounce the correct letters with all their qualities and to use different traditional recitation methods (Qiraat).
Every Muslim is expected to read the Quran as much as possible; By appreciating the charisma of the holy book with the presence of holiness and maximum clarity. Let’s get down to the article and learn all the important points about the rules of Meem Sakinah in Tajweed as we can.
Meaning of Meem Sakinah:
We need to define Meem Sakinah before delving into the Tajweed rules related to it. Meem is a letter of the Arabic alphabet that is spelled like this (م), but what does Sakinah mean?
Sakinah generally means in Arabic a person, thing, etc. that remains at rest without movement.
Regarding its meaning in Tajweed, Meem Sakinah is a Meem that does not have a Harakah (Fatha, Dummah, Kasrah) on it (stationary) and this Sukoon is fixed when continued or paused.
A few points could be inferred from this definition:
These cases of Meem do not fall under this category:
A Meem that has a vowel or Harakah on it such as: (نَارُ الله المُوقَدَة)
A Meem that has Shaddah on it, for example: (مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله)
A Meem that became Mutaharrik only to avoid the meeting of two successive Sukoon as in: (تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهمُ الأَنْهَار)
Therefore, these are the conditions where the rules of Meem Sakinah apply:
- One that appears in the middle or at the end of words.
- One that is found in verbs, nouns, or particles.
- One that is an indication of plural form such as (لَكُمْ دِينُكُمْ وَلِيَ دِين).
What Are the Rules of Meem Sakinah?
The silent Meem has three rules and is easy to remember because when spelled out, “ميم” matches the actual number of alphabets in the letter “م”.
Meem Sakinah’s rules are as follows:
- Idgham Shafawi
- Ikhfaa Shafawi
- Izhar Shafawi
Idgham Shafawi:
The first rule of Meem Sakinah is Idgham Shafawi, which refers to the joining of labials from one letter to another.
As with the rules for reciting the Quran using Tajweed, this rule applies when different words appear after the letter Meem. A non-voweled meem is preceded by a voweled Meem, Meem Sakinah is merged into voweled Meem, resulting in a stressed meem (Meem and Shaddah)”.
The letter Idghaam Shafawi only includes the letter Meem, which can be identified in this example:
This Idgham is also known as Idgham Mithlain Sagheer because one of the two letters is silent, the other is the same as Harakah, Makhraj, and Sifah, which means Mithlain – “the same as the other” and the word Sagheer emphasizes the fact that the first letter is not a vowel, and the second is.
Notice how the vowelless meem succumbs to the Meem with the Harakah in the other letter. Even though they are both the same, they have different Sifah (attributes) on their own. But, when they become one and align, making contact with each other and holding it tight, a sound known as “Gunnah” (nasal sound) is made, while also providing a base for the first meem to attach to the other, and providing a voice.
Examples of Idgham Shafawi:
(أَلَا يَظُنُّ أُولَئِكَ أَنَّهُم مّبْعُوثُون)
(وَاللهُ مِن وَرَائِهِم مُّحِيط)
(إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَة)
Ikhfaa Shafawi:
The second rule of Meem Sakinah is Ikhfaa, meaning to hide the labial movement of the sentence Meem, which occurs when the “ب” of Meem Sakina is written, causing the lips to close while reading Meem Sakina. With Gunnah – and opening as a transition note to make the ‘ba’ sound.
When there is a case of Ikhfaa arises, Meem Sakinah is hidden in the following letter and said between Izhar and Idgham. Also, Meem has Ghunnah. An example of Ikhfaa Meem Saakin is formed only when Meem is followed by one letter (ب) and this only occurs between two words.
The word “Shafawi” comes from the Arabic word “شفة” and means lips as it is a clear point of articulation for both Meem and Baa.
Examples of Ikhfaa Shafawi:
(وَمَا صَاحِبُكُم بِمَجْنُون)
(فَإِذَا هُم بِالسَّاهِرَة)
(أَمْ لَكُم بَرَاءَةٌ فِي الزُّبُر)
Izhaar Shafawi Rules:
The last and the easiest rule of Meem Sakinah is Izhar in which the Meem is pronounced clearly without hiding or merging it into the following letter. Izhar Shafawi occurs when Meem Sakinah is followed by the remaining letters of the alphabet (aside from ب-م). This is within one word or between two words.
Examples of Izhar Shafawi:
(عَلَيْهِمْ نَارٌ مّؤْصَدَة)
(فَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُون)
(أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيل)
Conclusion:
This article has explained rules of Meem Saakin in English; Ikhfaa Shafawi, Idgham Shafawi, and Izhar Shafawi along with Meem Saakin rules examples to clarify the three cases of Meem Sakinah with the letters that follow it.
The rules of Meem Sakinah are but a part of the Tajweed rules that a person who wishes to recite Quran properly needs to learn to follow in the footsteps of the Prophet PBUH and his companions.
You can easily learn these Tajweed rules and much more about Quran Tajweed classes and Islamic studies here at Tipyaan Academy as our online courses are a great learning opportunity for both kids and adults. Our skilled tutors will give you the necessary instruction and guidance that you need to improve your recitation of the Quran. So, join our online courses today, and don’t waste your time.
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