Al-Jummah (benefits, tips and virtues)
Al-Jummah | The ruling of Jummah | Features and virtues of Al-Jummah | How to perform jummah prayer? | How to sermon Friday prayers | The sunnah of Jummah | Prohibited doings in jummah
Jummah prayer is a great ritual of Islam, urging Sharia to seek it and gather in it and rally for it, in order to achieve the meaning of cohsion and alliance among Muslims.
Allah assumed it as a group, so that it is invalid to pray Jummah alone.
Tariq bin Shihab Narrated (RA):
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “The Friday prayer in congregation is an obligatory duty upon every Muslim, with the exception of four: a slave, a woman, a child and a sick person.” [Reported by Abu Dawud, who said that Tariq did not hear (any Hadith) from the Prophet (ﷺ)]. (by the Albanian in Sahih Abi Daoud).
The first person who perform the Jummah prayer:
It was mentioned in the history books that the Sahabi Asaad bin Zarra was the first who perform Jummah prayer.
The Prophet sent Musab bin Umir as ruler of the Medina and ordered him to perform Jummah,.
He met With Asad bin Zarra and informed him the prophet’s order, Asad gathered forty men and perform Jummah at al-Bayda area of Medina.
This was the first Jummah prayer in Islam.
As for the first Jummah that the prophet prayed, it was after his migration to Medina, when it was the time to the prayer he gathered the people and perform Al-Jummah at the Sharbatlya orchard at the site of the present-day mosque known as the Al-Jummah Mosque.
When is Jummah prayer be Enjoined?
Jummah prayer was enjoined before the emigration of the Prophet to Medina, but he was unable to performed it because of the few numbers of Muslims, the weak of their position.
As for the prayer that was In the Medina, it was said that it is the diligence of the Ansar before Jummah enjoined.
The Anssar saw that Jews and Christians have a day to meet, so they suggest appointment of a day for Muslims to gather in it as Others.
They set The Day of Uroba to be the day of their meeting to pray, remembrance and thank Allah, so it named that day Jummah for their gathering on it.
Why it’s named Jummah?
The reason for naming this day, as Ibn Hajar says:
“The right sayings for naming it Jummah; because the creation of Adam was gathered on it”
Imam bin Kathir said:
It named Jummah Because it is derived from the combination, the people of Islam gather in it once a week in the great temples, and the creature of all creations is completed.
It is the sixth day of the six in which Allah has created heavens and earth, the creation of Adam, he entered paradise, and in it he came out of it, the day of judgement will be on it, and there is an hour in which a believer asks something except Allah gives it to him, as Ahadith proved that.
That was named in the old era “Urobaa Day”, and it proved that the nations before us ordered it but stray.
The Jews chose Saturday on which no creation occurred, and the Christians chose Sunday on which creation began, and Allah chose for this nation Al-Jummah on which Allah completed creation.
As mentioned in Bukhari and a Muslim from the hadith of by Abu Huraira:
- I heard Allah’s Apostle (p.b.u.h) saying, “We (Muslims) are the last (to come) but (will be) the foremost on the Day of Resurrection though the former nations were given the Holy Scriptures before us. And this was their day (Jummah) the celebration of which was made compulsory for them but they differed about it, so Allah gave us the guidance for it (Friday) and all the other people are behind us in this respect: the Jews’ (holy day is) tomorrow (i.e. Saturday) and the Christians’ (is) the day after tomorrow (i.e. Sunday).”
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The ruling of Jummah:
Jummah prayer were enjoined for every liberate male, a Muslim, a settler.
Allah says: “O believers! When the call to prayer is made on Friday, then proceed ˹diligently˺ to the remembrance of Allah and leave off ˹your˺ business. That is best for you, if only you knew.” (Al-Jummah,10)
In the Sunnah:
Ibn ‘Umar and Abu Huraira said they heard God’s Messenger say on the beams of his pulpit, “People must cease to neglect the Friday prayers, or God will seal up their hearts and they will be among the negligent.” (transmitted by imam Muslim)
Features and virtues of Al-Jummah:
Jummah has many features, many virtues, mentioned by Allah in his book, and the Sunnah of the prophet.
1-The best day on which the sun has risen is Al-Jummah:
It has mentioned in the Sunnah:
Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “The best day on which the sun has risen is Al-Jummah; on it Adam was created, on it he was brought into paradise, on it he was expelled from it, and the last hour will take place on no day other than al-Jummah.” (sahih Imam Muslim)
2-Al-Jummah to next Jummah is expiation of the sins committed in between them:
Abu Hurairah reported:
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “The five daily (prescribed) Salat, and al-Jummah (prayer) to the next Jummah (prayer), and the fasting of Ramadan to the next Ramadan, is expiation of the sins committed in between them, so long as major sins are avoided.”
3-Early for Jummah prayer:
Allah has urged us to hurry on al-Jummah for obedience and worship, and not to be preoccupied with buying and selling.
Abu Hurairah reported:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “He who takes a bath on jummah, like the bath for ceremonial purity, and then goes (to the mosque), he is like one who offers a camel as a sacrifice to seek the Pleasure of Allah; and he who comes at the second hour is like one who offers a cow to win the Pleasure of Allah; and he who comes at the third hour is like one who offers a ram with horns (in sacrifice); and he who comes at the fourth hour is like one who offers a hen; and he who comes at the fifth hour is like one who offers an egg. And when the Imam ascends the pulpit, the angels (who write the names of those who come to the mosque before the coming of the Imam) close (their record) in order to listen to the Khutbah.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim).
4-The time of granted in jummah day:
On al-jummah, a blessed time in which performing prayer is granted, and it differed greatly at this time until al-Hafiz ibn al-Hajar mentioned the sayings in it to more than forty, and the right one is Two sayings:
- The first is that from the time the imam sits on the rostrum until prayer time, and the proof of this is what imam Muslim mentioned:
Abu Burdah bin Abu Musa Al-Ash’ari (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) said to me: “Did you hear your father narrating something from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about the special moment during jummah?” I said: “Yes, I heard him report from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ): ‘It occurs between the time when the Imam sits down (on the pulpit after the first Khutbah) and the time Salat is over.”‘
- The second saying is that it is after the after Aser, and this is the most right saying, which is the words of Abdullah bin Salam, Abu Hurira, and Imam Ahmed, the saying of the majority of the Sahaba.
The argument of this saying is what Ahmed narrated the hadith of Abu Said and Abu Hurira:
“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said while talking about the merits of jummah, “There is a time on jummah at which a Muslim, while he (or she) is performing Salat and is supplicating, will be granted whatever he (or she) is supplicating for.” And he (ﷺ) pointed with his hand to indicate that this period of time is very short”.
How to perform jummah prayer?
Jummah prayers are two khutbah and two rakah, performing jummah prayer needs to listen to the two khutbah first and then pray two enjoined rakah of jummah, and the jummah prayer is complete and not shortened.
It was narrated that ‘Umar said:
“The prayer for jumu’ah is two rak’ahs, and for Al-Fitr is two rak’ahs, and for An-Nahr is two rak’ahs, and for traveling is two rak’ahs, complete and not shortened, on the tongue of the Prophet (ﷺ).”
- Friday Prayer Corner
Friday prayers have two pillars: the sermon and the prayer of two rak’ahs, and the sermon is imposed in Friday prayers, so prayer is only valid with it, and the least of the so-called sermons among the Arabs is praise and praise for God. Then pray on the Prophet, peace be upon him, in addition to a small sermon on matters of religion and the world, and then the imam performs the prayers of my friday rak’ahs in public by the consensus of scholars. The nation.
- How to sermon Friday prayers
Al-Huda al-Nabawi explained to us how the imam performed the Sermon of Friday Prayer, and we mention this as follows:
– The imam throws peace at the people, saying: “Peace be upon you and the mercy and blessings of Allah.” –
The imam praises and praises Allah, utters the two testimonies, and then prays to the Prophet, may God’s peace be upon him, it has been proven that Jaber bin Abdullah – May God be pleased with him- that he said: “The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said in his sermon, thanking God and praising him for what is his family, and then saying: Who God destroys him, there is no misinformation for him, and whoever misleads him, if I believe the hadith is the Book of God, and the best gift is the gift of Muhammad, and the evil of things is updated, and every modern heresy, and every heresy Misguided, and all stray in the fire.”
– The imam maximizes the order of the sermon, and raises his voice as he engages people, it has been proven that The Prophet Peace be upon him- It was when he was engaged: “If you mention the hour, his cheeks are red, his voice is raised, and his anger intensifies, as if he were a warning to the army of your morning.”
– Al-Khatib mentions a simple introduction in which he reminds people of the piety of Allah , and mentions the main ideas he wants to clarify during the sermon.
– Al-Khatib reads verses from the Holy Quran in accordance with the theme of the sermon.
– Al-Khatib makes the first Friday sermon, then sits down with a walking interval and then makes the second speech.
– At the end of the sermon, al-Khatib prays for Muslims and Muslim women and guardians of good and good.
– The fiancé shortens the sermon and prolongs the prayer, so that the listener does not get tired of talking, and so that the sermon remains in the mind of th listener and facilitates it and its application.
– The fiancé will come down from the pulpit to perform the prostration of recitation if he reads a verse with a recitation.
- What the imam reads in the Jummah rakah?
It Sunnah to recite surah al-Jummah in the first rakah and al-Monafiqon in the second rakah, narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas:
“The Prophet used to recite in Jumu’ah prayer Surat al-Jumu’ah and al-Munafiqun.” [Reported by Muslim].
Some scholars said it Sunnah to recite surah al-Ghashia in the second rakah, or recite any surah.
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Reciting loudly on performing Jummah:
It is Sunnah to perform the prayer aloud when performing the two rakah, and this is the view of the majority of scholars from the Shafi’is, Malikis, and Hanbalis.
The sunnah of Jummah prayer:
Performing four rakah before the jummah khutbah with the agreement of the jurists.
The majority of scholars from Hanafi, Shafi’a, and Hanbala said that the people can pray four rakah after the jummah prayers.
The time for performing Jummah:
Jummah prayers have a specific time, the same time as Zuhr prayer and ends when the shadow of everything is similar.
Ruling of performing jummah at home:
Jummah prayers have conditions if they are not available, their prayers are not valid, including being in mosque, and therefore it is not right to pray jummaj at home.
Ruling of not attend Jummah:
If a person for whom Jumuah is obligatory does not attend and does not have a valid excuse, this is a major sin. Whoever does not attend three Jumuah (in a row) out of negligence has a seal placed over his heart and is regarded as one of the ghaafileen (negligent, heedless).
Muslim narrated in his Saheeh from Abu Hurayrah and Ibn ‘Umar:
“That they heard the Prophet say from his minbar: “People should definitely stop neglecting Jumu’ah, or else Allaah will most certainly seal their hearts and they will most certainly be among the ghaafileen.”
Jummah Sunnah:
- Reading surah al-Insan and al-Sajida at fajir ptayer.
- Reading Surah Al Kahaf:
“It was narrated from Abu Sa’eed al-Khduri that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whoever reads Soorat al-Kahf on jummah, he will be illuminated with light between the two jummah”. (Narrated by al-Haakim)
- Send Blessings Upon Prophet Muhammad:
“Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessing be upon him) said, “The best of your days is Friday. On that day Adam was created; on that day he died; on that day the Trumpet will be blown; and on that day all of creation will swoon. So send a great deal of blessings upon me, for your blessings will be shown to me.” (Abu Dawud)
- Taking a Bath: washing, be cleaned and wearing good clothes for jummah;
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar: Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) (p.b.u.h) said, “Anyone of you attending the Friday (prayers) should take a bath.” (Sahih al-Bukhari)
Prohibited doings in jummah:
1- Skipping the rows at the time of prayer because of the harm to people and distracting them from listening to the khutbah.
2- Not giving way to the people, reserving places and taking the place of one of them; the mosque is the place of all people, there is no difference between them in that.
3- Sitting in a crouching position. The meaning of crouching is that a person sits on his buttocks and raises his knees and brings them together with his arms towards his chest, because this sitting brings sleep, and the prophet forbade it.
4- Opening shops of all kinds to sell people, scholar’s disagreement in this:
- The first saying: It is not right to sell at the time of the Azan for jummah, as imam Malik, Ahmed, Duad and al-Thawra stated.
- The second: The majority of scholars say that it is permissible to sell at the time of Azan.
5- Eating garlic and onions before prayer, because it has bad and undesirable smell, fearing that it will harm people.
6- Sleep during the khutbah, which is contrary to the purpose of the gathering on jummah and listening khutbah, as it invalidate ablution.
7- Tampering with the carpets of the mosque or anything, and the prohibition was mentioned in hadith Abu Hurira:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “If anyone performs Wudu’ properly, then comes to the jummah prayer, listens to the Khutbah (religious talk) attentively and keeps silent, his (minor) sins between that Friday and the following Friday will be forgiven, with the addition of three more days; but he who touches pebbles has caused an interruption. “
8- Speak during the kutbah, the people are obligated to listen to the kutbah and not speak at its time until the benefit is achieved, even if speaking is an order that is good or forbidding abuse.
Blessing jummah:
There is no doubt that jummah is an Eid for Muslims, as mentioned in hadith Ibn Abbas, may said:
“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘This day is an ‘Eid (festival) which Allah has ordained for the Muslims. Whoever comes to Friday (prayer), let him take a bath and if he has perfume then let him put some on. And upon you (I urge to use) is the tooth stick.” (sunan ibn Majeh)
Congrats on jummah as saying: “Blessed jummah”, is not forbidden by sharia, but is permissible and desirable in our religion if there is nothing contrary to Islam.
This may not be described as inviolability because it is included as the general doua.
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